Biology
Read the latest science news from Phys.org on biology, evolution, microbiology, biotechnology
Venomous snakes could start migrating in large numbers if we hit 5oC warming, predict scientists
A global group of scientists has predicted that climate change may cause dramatic movements in venomous snake populations across many countries in Africa. The scientists took into account climate change predictions about changes to the current habitats of 209 venomous snakes, and mapped where those environments were found elsewhere. Based on this, they predict that snakes were likely to migrate to those African countries whose environments remained suitable for snakes after 2070. This could modif...
Researchers discover key gene for toxic alkaloid in barley
All plants mediate their environmental interactions via chemical signals. An example is the alkaloid gramine produced by barley, one of the world's most widely-grown cereals. Gramine provides protection against herbivorous insects and grazing animals and inhibits the growth of other plants. Despite long-standing interest, the key gene for the formation of gramine remained elusive.
Study finds wild nematode worms learn to avoid harmful bacteria--and their offspring inherit this knowledge
The nematode worm C. elegans will stay away from dangerous bacteria in its environment when exposed to certain bacterial RNAs--and can transmit that learned behavior to future generations. A team led by Coleen Murphy at Princeton University report these findings in a new study, published in the journal PLOS Genetics.
Memories of mitosis: Molecular mechanism that detects defects during cell division could aid cancer treatment
Every day, our cells are hard at work multiplying. Cell division is a precise process, but sometimes this process is impaired and diseases like cancer occur. Mitosis is one of the most important phases in the cell cycle. During this phase, a cell's DNA is split into two equal sets of chromosomes and it divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Tuberculosis vaccine may enable elimination of the disease in cattle by reducing its spread
Vaccination not only reduces the severity of TB in infected cattle, but reduces its spread in dairy herds by 89%, research finds. The research, led by the University of Cambridge and Penn State University, improves prospects for the elimination and control of bovine tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease of cattle that results in large economic costs and health impacts across the world. The study is published in the journal Science.
Less affluent countries found to be more prone to damage caused by biological invasions despite lower trade volume
Non-native species introduced mainly via increasing trade of goods and services have huge economic, health, and environmental costs. These "biological invasions" involve the intentional or unintentional transport and release of species beyond their native biogeographical ranges, facilitating their potential spread.
New 'destructive fishing' definition to kickstart fresh era in fishing policy
Many policies and international frameworks--including the UN Sustainable Development Goals--recognize the need to end destructive fishing practices to conserve marine resources, protect the ocean and ensure peace and prosperity for people and the planet.
Veterinarians diagnose rare autoimmune disease, put dog on road to recovery
Having two autoimmune diseases is unusual for a dog, but having three is exceptionally rare.
Marine protected areas safeguard more than ecology--they bring economic benefits to fisheries and tourism
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been used as a conservation measure for decades, but critics continue to argue that evidence of their economic benefits is weak, particularly with regard to fisheries.
When inequality is more than 'skin-deep': Social status leaves traces in the epigenome of spotted hyenas in Tanzania
In mammals, social behavior and social status can substantially influence the survival, reproductive performance, and health of individuals. However, it is not yet fully understood how the translation of social and environmental factors into the physiology of an organism is reflected in molecular processes.
To manage chronic wasting disease, some animals die so more can live
Things are moving quickly, and they need to. On March 13, the Government of British Columbia announced that it would be harvesting 25 deer in the Kootenays. This announcement came six weeks after chronic wasting disease (CWD)--a 100% fatal disease of cervids (deer, elk, moose, caribou)--was first detected in the province.
Cross-species insights: Study finds calcium link in plant and animal immunity
A new study provides insights into how a family of immune proteins in plants confers disease resistance. The study builds on previous research by the same research group, which highlighted the structural similarities of this protein family between plant and animal immune systems.